Contents
December 2019
Vol 5, Issue 12
Vol 5, Issue 12
Research Articles
- FeSe quantum dots for in vivo multiphoton biomedical imaging
FeSe quantum dots of multiphoton absorption were used to image tumor cells in deeper tissue.
- Requirement for translocon-associated protein (TRAP) α in insulin biogenesis
A forward genetic screen in C. elegans leads to the discovery of a role for a conserved ER membrane protein in insulin biogenesis.
- Identification of TNFR2 and IL-33 as therapeutic targets in localized fibrosis
IL-33 mediates cross-talk between immune and stromal cells in localized fibrosis.
- Spin-dependent charge transport through 2D chiral hybrid lead-iodide perovskites
Chiral molecules in Pb-halide 2D-layered films achieve up to 86% spin-polarized transport, enabling novel spintronic applications.
- Grain boundary decohesion by nanoclustering Ni and Cr separately in CrMnFeCoNi high-entropy alloys
Nanoclustering Cr, Ni, and Mn separately at GBs reduces GB cohesion in single-phase CrMnFeCoNi high-entropy alloys.
- Printing of wirelessly rechargeable solid-state supercapacitors for soft, smart contact lenses with continuous operations
Wirelessly rechargeable solid-state supercapacitors are studied for soft, smart contact lenses with continuous operations.
- Polyelectrolytes induce water-water correlations that result in dramatic viscosity changes and nuclear quantum effects
Polyelectrolytes induce long-range order in water that correlates with viscosity changes.
- Expedient synthesis of E-hydrazone esters and 1H-indazole scaffolds through heterogeneous single-atom platinum catalysis
A heterogeneous Pt single-atom catalyst promotes E-selective synthesis of hydrazones en route to bioactive 1H-indazoles.
- The effect of citizenship on the long-term earnings of marginalized immigrants: Quasi-experimental evidence from Switzerland
Naturalization catalyzes the long-term economic integration of marginalized immigrants.
- Amino acid exchangeabilities vary across the tree of life
Long thought to be invariant, proteome-wide amino acid exchangeabilities in evolution actually vary widely among species.
- Carboxylated branched poly(β-amino ester) nanoparticles enable robust cytosolic protein delivery and CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing
New biodegradable nanoparticles shuttle proteins inside cells and enable robust gene editing.
- Single-cell connectomic analysis of adult mammalian lungs
Single-cell network analysis demonstrates species-conserved functional roles for pulmonary alveolar cell types.
- Inverting singlet and triplet excited states using strong light-matter coupling
Molecules sandwiched in an optical cavity can form hybrid light-matter states at energies below the dark spin triplet state.
- Atmospheric rivers drive flood damages in the western United States
Damaging floods in the western United States are mainly due to atmospheric rivers, causing substantial socioeconomic impacts.
- Dalton’s and Amagat’s laws fail in gas mixtures with shock propagation
We present an experimental study of a fundamental case where gas mixture models fail: shock propagation through a gas mixture.
- Fluorescence microscopy visualization of the roughness-induced transition between lubrication regimes
We use fluorescence microscopy to investigate how surface roughness affects the transition between different lubrication regimes.
- Molecular phenotyping and image-guided surgical treatment of melanoma using spectrally distinct ultrasmall core-shell silica nanoparticles
Spectrally distinct ultrasmall fluorescence silica particles as multiplexing tools address cancer heterogeneity and aid surgery.
- A minimally invasive lens-free computational microendoscope
A distal lensless microendoscope is developed to enable minimally invasive imaging with wide field of view and digital refocusing.
- Tailoring solvent coordination for high-speed, room-temperature blading of perovskite photovoltaic films
An alternative ink design is introduced that enables fast coating of perovskite at room temperature for low-cost solar modules.
- Police violence and the health of black infants
Analysis of 3.9 million birth records reveal spillover effects of police killings on the health of black infants.
- Dosage analysis of the 7q11.23 Williams region identifies BAZ1B as a major human gene patterning the modern human face and underlying self-domestication
Dissecting the BAZ1B genetic circuitry in the neural crest brings out its critical role in shaping the modern human face.
- Informing trait-based ecology by assessing remotely sensed functional diversity across a broad tropical temperature gradient
Remote sensing of trait-based ecology can improve our understanding of the effect of trait diversity on ecosystem functioning.
- Polymer gel with a flexible and highly ordered three-dimensional network synthesized via bond percolation
Geometric constraint in pregel solution enables construction of a highly ordered three-dimensional polymer network.
- Epigenetic stabilization of DC and DC precursor classical activation by TNFα contributes to protective T cell polarization
TNFα is critical for epigenetic DC maturation, DC phenotype stabilization, and driving protective TH1 immunity to fungal infection.
- Semblance: An empirical similarity kernel on probability spaces
Semblance uses empirical data distributions to improve the sensitivity and robustness in downstream machine learning algorithms.
- Mating avoidance in female olive baboons (Papio anubis) infected by Treponema pallidum
Genital ulcers caused by Treponema pallidum lead to mating avoidance in female olive baboons..
- Genomic architecture of parallel ecological divergence: Beyond a single environmental contrast
A common genomic architecture allowed a marine snail to rapidly adapt to heterogeneous environments in a replicated way.
- High-latitude warming initiated the onset of the last deglaciation in the tropics
Tropical glaciers retreated before deglacial greenhouse gas rise due to a lowered meridional thermal gradient.
- Rising CO2 drives divergence in water use efficiency of evergreen and deciduous plants
A rapid rise in CO2 has made evergreen trees more waterwise than deciduous trees, especially in cooler parts of the world.
- Necrotizing enterocolitis is preceded by increased gut bacterial replication, Klebsiella, and fimbriae-encoding bacteria
Metagenomic analysis identifies microbial signatures preceding necrotizing enterocolitis development in premature infants.
- Identification of the hyaluronic acid pathway as a therapeutic target for facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy
Inhibition of HA synthesis blocks DUX4-induced pathologies.
- MiR-23~27~24–mediated control of humoral immunity reveals a TOX-driven regulatory circuit in follicular helper T cell differentiation
miR-23~27~24 regulates TFH cells through targeting multiple genes including TOX, a key transcription factor for TFH cell biology.
- Dorsal-ventral patterned neural cyst from human pluripotent stem cells in a neurogenic niche
A human neural tube development model with proper dorsal-ventral patterning is accomplished using stem cells.
- NS1 DNA vaccination protects against Zika infection through T cell–mediated immunity in immunocompetent mice
A novel T cell–based ZIKV vaccine, encoding NS1 protein, confers protection against systemic infection.
- High-resolution cryo-EM structures of respiratory complex I: Mechanism, assembly, and disease
Cryo-EM, yeast genetics, and simulations offer an integrated approach to assess structure, function, and assembly of complex I.
- Focusing light inside live tissue using reversibly switchable bacterial phytochrome as a genetically encoded photochromic guide star
A genetically encoded photochromic guide star is used for focusing light inside live tissue by wavefront shaping.
- Characterizing smoking-induced transcriptional heterogeneity in the human bronchial epithelium at single-cell resolution
Single-cell RNA-Seq reveals smoking-induced bronchial cell type–specific alterations and a novel peri-goblet cell.
- Sleep fragmentation, microglial aging, and cognitive impairment in adults with and without Alzheimer’s dementia
Poor sleep in older adults is associated with aging of the brain’s resident innate immune cells and impaired cognition.
- LncRNA PTPRE-AS1 modulates M2 macrophage activation and inflammatory diseases by epigenetic promotion of PTPRE
PTPRE-AS1 deficiency aggravates pulmonary inflammation but reduces colitis severity by modulating M2 macrophage activation.
- Mid-Holocene Northern Hemisphere warming driven by Arctic amplification
Analyses of a mid-Holocene climate model ensemble and paleo-proxies reveal that the mid-Holocene Northern Hemisphere was warm.
- Science quality and the value of inventions
Common quality measures for scientific work predict the commercial value of patents directly or indirectly derived from them.
- Recruitment of CD103+ dendritic cells via tumor-targeted chemokine delivery enhances efficacy of checkpoint inhibitor immunotherapy
Targeted delivery of CCL4 to the tumor stroma recruits CD103+ dendritic cells and enhances the efficacy of CPI immunotherapy.
- Gastrointestinal transcription factors drive lineage-specific developmental programs in organ specification and cancer
Gastrointestinal transcription factors drive lineage-specific programs in organ specification and cancer.
Reviews
- The polar regions in a 2°C warmer world
Polar warming will have widespread near-term consequences for sea level rise, extreme weather, plants, animals, and humans.
- Which way to the dawn of speech?: Reanalyzing half a century of debates and data in light of speech science
Fresh analysis of primate calls shows that speech dawned in monkeys some 100 times earlier than the appearance of modern humans.
About The Cover
ONLINE COVER Satellite and aircraft observations have previously confirmed that atmospheric rivers (ARs)—extratropical storms that produce extreme precipitation—cause significant floods in the U.S., especially the western region due to the air mass lifting over mountainous regions. Like "rivers in the sky," ARs transport on average more than double the flow of the Amazon River in water vapor outside of the tropics. Despite its catastrophic impact, the cost of damages by ARs has not yet been quantified. Using 40 years of data from the National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP), Corringham et al. have found that ARs are the primary drivers of flood damages in the western U.S. In a warmer climate, the researchers warn, ARs will become wetter, longer and wider (with some indication this is already happening in relation to Pacific Ocean warming)—which is expected to exacerbate AR-driven financial cost. They suggest the hefty economic impact of ARs, and the possibility of it worsening, signals an urgent need to improve tracking and prediction of AR frequency and intensity, as well as a need to bolster flood control strategies, including alternative approaches like green infrastructure. [CREDIT: IRFAN KHAN /LOS ANGELES TIMES VIA GETTY IMAGES]
