Detection of argon in the coma of comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko

Hans Balsiger; Kathrin Altwegg; Akiva Bar-Nun; Jean-Jacques Berthelier; Andre Bieler; Peter Bochsler; Christelle Briois; Ursina Calmonte; Michael Combi; Johan De Keyser; Peter Eberhardt; Björn Fiethe; Stephen A. Fuselier; Sébastien Gasc; Tamas I. Gombosi; Kenneth C. Hansen; Myrtha Hässig; Annette Jäckel; Ernest Kopp; Axel Korth; Lena Le Roy; Urs Mall; Bernard Marty; Olivier Mousis; Tobias Owen; Henri Rème; Martin Rubin; Thierry Sémon; Chia-Yu Tzou; J. Hunter Waite; Peter Wurz

doi:10.1126/sciadv.1500377

Research ArticleASTRONOMY

Detection of argon in the coma of comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko

Hans Balsiger¹,*,
Kathrin Altwegg¹,²,
Akiva Bar-Nun³,
Jean-Jacques Berthelier⁴,
Andre Bieler¹,⁵,
Peter Bochsler¹,
Christelle Briois⁶,
Ursina Calmonte¹,
Michael Combi⁵,
Johan De Keyser⁷,
Peter Eberhardt¹,†,
Björn Fiethe⁸,
Stephen A. Fuselier⁹,
Sébastien Gasc¹,
Tamas I. Gombosi⁵,
Kenneth C. Hansen⁵,
Myrtha Hässig¹,⁹,
Annette Jäckel¹,
Ernest Kopp¹,
Axel Korth¹⁰,
Lena Le Roy²,
Urs Mall¹⁰,
Bernard Marty¹¹,
Olivier Mousis¹²,
Tobias Owen¹³,
Henri Rème¹⁴,
Martin Rubin¹,
Thierry Sémon¹,
Chia-Yu Tzou¹,
J. Hunter Waite⁹ and
Peter Wurz¹

¹Physikalisches Institut, University of Bern, Sidlerstrasse 5, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland.
²Center for Space and Habitability, University of Bern, Sidlerstrasse 5, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland.
³Department of Geoscience, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel.
⁴LATMOS (Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales)/IPSL (Institut Pierre Simon Laplace)–CNRS–UPMC (University Pierre et Marie Curie)–UVSQ (Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines), 4 Avenue de Neptune, F-94100 Saint-Maur, France.
⁵Department of Atmospheric, Oceanic and Space Sciences, University of Michigan, 2455 Hayward, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
⁶Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie de l’Environnement et de l’Espace (LPC2E), UMR 6115 CNRS–Université d’Orléans, 45071 Orléans, France.
⁷Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy (BIRA-IASB), Ringlaan 3, B-1180 Brussels, Belgium.
⁸Institute of Computer and Network Engineering (IDA), Technische Universität (TU) Braunschweig, Hans-Sommer-Straße 66, D-38106 Braunschweig, Germany.
⁹Department of Space Science, Southwest Research Institute, 6220 Culebra Road, San Antonio, TX 78228, USA.
¹⁰Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung, Justus-von-Liebig-Weg 3, 37077 Göttingen, Germany.
¹¹CRPG (Centre de Recherches Pétrographiques et Géochimiques)–CNRS, Université de Lorraine, 15 rue Notre Dame des Pauvres, BP 20, 54501 Vandoeuvre lès Nancy, France.
¹²Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, LAM (Laboratoire d’Astrophysique de Marseille) UMR 7326, 13388 Marseille, France.
¹³Institute for Astronomy, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA.
¹⁴Université de Toulouse; UPS (Université Paul Sabatier)–OMP (L’Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées); IRAP (L’Institut de Recherche en Astrophysique et Planétologie), 31400 Toulouse, France.

↵*Corresponding author: Email: hans.balsiger{at}space.unibe.ch

↵† Deceased.

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Science Advances 25 Sep 2015:
Vol. 1, no. 8, e1500377
DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.1500377

Hans Balsiger

Physikalisches Institut, University of Bern, Sidlerstrasse 5, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland.

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For correspondence: hans.balsiger@space.unibe.ch

Kathrin Altwegg

Physikalisches Institut, University of Bern, Sidlerstrasse 5, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland.Center for Space and Habitability, University of Bern, Sidlerstrasse 5, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland.

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Akiva Bar-Nun

Department of Geoscience, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel.

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Jean-Jacques Berthelier

LATMOS (Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales)/IPSL (Institut Pierre Simon Laplace)–CNRS–UPMC (University Pierre et Marie Curie)–UVSQ (Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines), 4 Avenue de Neptune, F-94100 Saint-Maur, France.

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Andre Bieler

Physikalisches Institut, University of Bern, Sidlerstrasse 5, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland.Department of Atmospheric, Oceanic and Space Sciences, University of Michigan, 2455 Hayward, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.

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Peter Bochsler

Physikalisches Institut, University of Bern, Sidlerstrasse 5, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland.

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Christelle Briois

Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie de l’Environnement et de l’Espace (LPC2E), UMR 6115 CNRS–Université d’Orléans, 45071 Orléans, France.

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Ursina Calmonte

Physikalisches Institut, University of Bern, Sidlerstrasse 5, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland.

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Michael Combi

Department of Atmospheric, Oceanic and Space Sciences, University of Michigan, 2455 Hayward, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.

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Johan De Keyser

Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy (BIRA-IASB), Ringlaan 3, B-1180 Brussels, Belgium.

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Peter Eberhardt

Physikalisches Institut, University of Bern, Sidlerstrasse 5, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland.

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Björn Fiethe

Institute of Computer and Network Engineering (IDA), Technische Universität (TU) Braunschweig, Hans-Sommer-Straße 66, D-38106 Braunschweig, Germany.

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Stephen A. Fuselier

Department of Space Science, Southwest Research Institute, 6220 Culebra Road, San Antonio, TX 78228, USA.

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ORCID record for Stephen A. Fuselier

Sébastien Gasc

Physikalisches Institut, University of Bern, Sidlerstrasse 5, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland.

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Tamas I. Gombosi

Department of Atmospheric, Oceanic and Space Sciences, University of Michigan, 2455 Hayward, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.

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ORCID record for Tamas I. Gombosi

Kenneth C. Hansen

Department of Atmospheric, Oceanic and Space Sciences, University of Michigan, 2455 Hayward, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.

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Myrtha Hässig

Physikalisches Institut, University of Bern, Sidlerstrasse 5, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland.Department of Space Science, Southwest Research Institute, 6220 Culebra Road, San Antonio, TX 78228, USA.

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Annette Jäckel

Physikalisches Institut, University of Bern, Sidlerstrasse 5, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland.

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Ernest Kopp

Physikalisches Institut, University of Bern, Sidlerstrasse 5, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland.

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Axel Korth

Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung, Justus-von-Liebig-Weg 3, 37077 Göttingen, Germany.

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Lena Le Roy

Center for Space and Habitability, University of Bern, Sidlerstrasse 5, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland.

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Urs Mall

Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung, Justus-von-Liebig-Weg 3, 37077 Göttingen, Germany.

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Bernard Marty

CRPG (Centre de Recherches Pétrographiques et Géochimiques)–CNRS, Université de Lorraine, 15 rue Notre Dame des Pauvres, BP 20, 54501 Vandoeuvre lès Nancy, France.

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Olivier Mousis

Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, LAM (Laboratoire d’Astrophysique de Marseille) UMR 7326, 13388 Marseille, France.

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Tobias Owen

Institute for Astronomy, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA.

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Henri Rème

Université de Toulouse; UPS (Université Paul Sabatier)–OMP (L’Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées); IRAP (L’Institut de Recherche en Astrophysique et Planétologie), 31400 Toulouse, France.

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Martin Rubin

Physikalisches Institut, University of Bern, Sidlerstrasse 5, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland.

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Thierry Sémon

Physikalisches Institut, University of Bern, Sidlerstrasse 5, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland.

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Chia-Yu Tzou

Physikalisches Institut, University of Bern, Sidlerstrasse 5, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland.

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J. Hunter Waite

Department of Space Science, Southwest Research Institute, 6220 Culebra Road, San Antonio, TX 78228, USA.

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Peter Wurz

Physikalisches Institut, University of Bern, Sidlerstrasse 5, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland.

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Detection of argon in the coma of comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko

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