The tropical lapse rate steepened during the Last Glacial Maximum

Shannon E. Loomis; James M. Russell; Dirk Verschuren; Carrie Morrill; Gijs De Cort; Jaap S. Sinninghe Damsté; Daniel Olago; Hilde Eggermont; F. Alayne Street-Perrott; Meredith A. Kelly

doi:10.1126/sciadv.1600815

Research ArticleCLIMATOLOGY

The tropical lapse rate steepened during the Last Glacial Maximum

Shannon E. Loomis¹,
View ORCID ProfileJames M. Russell¹,²,*,
Dirk Verschuren³,
View ORCID ProfileCarrie Morrill⁴,⁵,
Gijs De Cort³,⁶,
View ORCID ProfileJaap S. Sinninghe Damsté⁷,⁸,
View ORCID ProfileDaniel Olago⁹,¹⁰,
Hilde Eggermont³,¹¹,
View ORCID ProfileF. Alayne Street-Perrott¹² and
View ORCID ProfileMeredith A. Kelly¹³

¹Department of Earth, Environmental, and Planetary Sciences, Brown University, 324 Brook Street, Box 1846, Providence, RI 02912, USA.
²Institute at Brown for Environment and Society, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA.
³Department of Biology, Limnology Unit, Ghent University, K.L. Ledeganckstraat 35, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
⁴Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, CO 80305–3328, USA.
⁵National Centers for Environmental Information, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Boulder, CO 80305–3328 USA.
⁶Department of Earth Sciences, Royal Museum for Central Africa, Leuvensesteenweg 13, 3080 Tervuren, Belgium.
⁷Department of Marine Microbiology and Biogeochemistry, NIOZ Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, P.O. Box 59, 1790 AB Den Burg, Texel, Netherlands.
⁸Faculty of Geosciences, University of Utrecht, P.O. Box 80.021, 3508 TA Utrecht, Netherlands.
⁹Department of Geology, University of Nairobi, P.O. Box 30197-00100, Nairobi, Kenya.
¹⁰Institute for Climate Change and Adaptation, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya.
¹¹Belgian Biodiversity Platform, Royal Belgian Institute for Natural Sciences, Vautierstraat 29, 1000 Brussels, Belgium.
¹²College of Science, Swansea University, Singleton Park, Swansea SA32 7QD, UK
¹³Department of Earth Sciences, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH 03750, USA.

↵*Corresponding author. Email: james_russell{at}brown.edu

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Science Advances 27 Jan 2017:
Vol. 3, no. 1, e1600815
DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.1600815

Shannon E. Loomis

1Department of Earth, Environmental, and Planetary Sciences, Brown University, 324 Brook Street, Box 1846, Providence, RI 02912, USA.

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James M. Russell

1Department of Earth, Environmental, and Planetary Sciences, Brown University, 324 Brook Street, Box 1846, Providence, RI 02912, USA.

2Institute at Brown for Environment and Society, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA.

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For correspondence: james_russell@brown.edu

Dirk Verschuren

3Department of Biology, Limnology Unit, Ghent University, K.L. Ledeganckstraat 35, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.

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Carrie Morrill

4Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, CO 80305–3328, USA.

5National Centers for Environmental Information, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Boulder, CO 80305–3328 USA.

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Gijs De Cort

3Department of Biology, Limnology Unit, Ghent University, K.L. Ledeganckstraat 35, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.

6Department of Earth Sciences, Royal Museum for Central Africa, Leuvensesteenweg 13, 3080 Tervuren, Belgium.

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Jaap S. Sinninghe Damsté

7Department of Marine Microbiology and Biogeochemistry, NIOZ Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, P.O. Box 59, 1790 AB Den Burg, Texel, Netherlands.

8Faculty of Geosciences, University of Utrecht, P.O. Box 80.021, 3508 TA Utrecht, Netherlands.

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Daniel Olago

9Department of Geology, University of Nairobi, P.O. Box 30197-00100, Nairobi, Kenya.

10Institute for Climate Change and Adaptation, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya.

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Hilde Eggermont

3Department of Biology, Limnology Unit, Ghent University, K.L. Ledeganckstraat 35, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.

11Belgian Biodiversity Platform, Royal Belgian Institute for Natural Sciences, Vautierstraat 29, 1000 Brussels, Belgium.

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F. Alayne Street-Perrott

12College of Science, Swansea University, Singleton Park, Swansea SA32 7QD, UK

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Meredith A. Kelly

13Department of Earth Sciences, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH 03750, USA.

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