Research ArticleMATERIALS SCIENCE

Splashing transients of 2D plasmons launched by swift electrons

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Science Advances  27 Jan 2017:
Vol. 3, no. 1, e1601192
DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.1601192

Figures

  • Fig. 1 Schematic of 2D plasmons launching with a swift electron penetrating through a graphene monolayer.

    Lf1 and Lf2 are the lengths of the formation zone in the region above and below the graphene layer, respectively.

  • Fig. 2 Time evolution of magnetic field Embedded Image when a swift electron perpendicularly penetrates through a graphene monolayer.

    The green dashed line represents graphene. The electron is located (A) above graphene, (B) at graphene, and (C) below graphene.

  • Fig. 3 Time evolution of the deviation of the electron density from its average value on graphene plane Embedded Image when a swift electron penetrates through a graphene monolayer.

    The electron is located (A and B) above graphene, (C) at graphene, and (D to H) below graphene.

  • Fig. 4 Energy dissipation during the plasmonic formation time.

    (A) Time evolution of emitted photon energy and the induced field energy [related to the induced field strength Embedded Image]. (B) Energy spectra of graphene plasmons by taking t = ∞ in the lossless case and by taking t = Lf2/v in the lossy case.

Supplementary Materials

  • Supplementary material for this article is available at http://advances.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/3/1/e1601192/DC1

    section S1. Figure caption of movie S1.

    section S2. Photon emission from graphene affected by swift electrons.

    section S3. Energy spectrum of induced charges on graphene.

    section S4. Dispersion relation and propagation length/time of graphene plasmons.

    section S5. Analytical EEL spectrum.

    section S6. Comparison of EEL spectra between previous work and our result.

    section S7. Total energy of emitted photons.

    section S8. Numerical implementation with Sommerfeld integration.

    fig. S1. Dispersion curve of TM graphene plasmons.

    fig. S2. Propagation time of TM graphene plasmons as a function of frequency.

    fig. S3. EEL spectrum when an electron normally incident on an ideal lossless graphene layer.

    fig. S4. EEL spectra for an electron normally incident on graphene.

    movie S1. Time evolution of 2D plasmons launched by swift electrons.

    References (39–52)

Additional Files

  • Supplementary Materials

    This PDF file includes:

    • section S1. Figure caption of movie S1.
    • section S2. Photon emission from graphene affected by swift electrons.
    • section S3. Energy spectrum of induced charges on graphene.
    • section S4. Dispersion relation and propagation length/time of graphene plasmons.
    • section S5. Analytical EEL spectrum.
    • section S6. Comparison of EEL spectra between previous work and our result.
    • section S7. Total energy of emitted photons.
    • section S8. Numerical implementation with Sommerfeld integration.
    • fig. S1. Dispersion curve of TM graphene plasmons.
    • fig. S2. Propagation time of TM graphene plasmons as a function of frequency.
    • fig. S3. EEL spectrum when an electron normally incident on an ideal lossless graphene layer.
    • fig. S4. EEL spectra for an electron normally incident on graphene.
    • References (39–52)

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    Other Supplementary Material for this manuscript includes the following:

    • movie S1 (.mov format). Time evolution of 2D plasmons launched by swift electrons.

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