Contents
October 2017
Vol 3, Issue 10
Vol 3, Issue 10
Contents
Research Articles
- Effective drug combination for Caenorhabditis elegans nematodes discovered by output-driven feedback system control technique
An engineering approach yields a highly potent combination of four antinematode drugs at lower dosages than individual drugs.
- Tailoring tricolor structure of magnetic topological insulator for robust axion insulator
Gigantic magnetoresistance is shown in a Cr- and V-doped topological insulator multilayer, assuring robust axion insulator.
- Unexpected high robustness of electrochemical cross-coupling for a broad range of current density
Solvent effect enables electrosynthesis of organic compounds with strong variation of electric current at constant efficacy.
- Newly recognized turbidity current structure can explain prolonged flushing of submarine canyons
Runaway turbidity currents stretch into the deep ocean to form the largest sediment accumulations on Earth.
- Structural plasticity of the social brain: Differential change after socio-affective and cognitive mental training
Training to understand the feelings and thoughts of others induces structural changes in two divergent social brain networks.
- Specific reduction in cortisol stress reactivity after social but not attention-based mental training
Social but not attention-based mental training reduces cortisol reactivity to psychosocial stress.
- Microstructural control of new intercalation layered titanoniobates with large and reversible d-spacing for easy Na+ ion uptake
H0.43Ti0.93Nb1.07O5 engineered with large d-spacing of ~8.3 Å and two-dimensional ionic channels enables easy Na+ ion uptake.
- Topological bootstrap: Fractionalization from Kondo coupling
We show how entanglement can be used to realize fractionalized topological phases of matter from more conventional phases.
- Multicellularity enriches the entrainment of Arabidopsis circadian clock
Novel methods reveal how single-cell behavior translates to organism level in phase response properties of plant circadian clocks.
- Surface plasmon polariton laser based on a metallic trench Fabry-Perot resonator
A metallic trench Fabry-Perot resonator achieves room temperature lasing of surface plasmons with a record-narrow linewidth.
- Ultrathin thermoresponsive self-folding 3D graphene
Temperature changes induce self-folding of functionalized graphene into well-defined ultrathin 3D microstructures.
- Mountain glaciation drives rapid oxidation of rock-bound organic carbon
Mountain glaciation greatly enhances oxidative weathering rates of organic carbon in rocks and associated carbon dioxide release.
- A highly selective and stable ZnO-ZrO2 solid solution catalyst for CO2 hydrogenation to methanol
Reduction of CO2 to methanol using renewable hydrogen is a promising but challenging strategy for carbon capture and utilization.
- Field-controlled structures in ferromagnetic cholesteric liquid crystals
Diverse structures are demonstrated in a unique liquid crystal helimagnet under magnetic and electric fields.
- Risk preference shares the psychometric structure of major psychological traits
On the basis of 39 risk-taking measures, this study finds evidence for a general and stable factor of risk preference.
- Gentle reenergization of electrons in merging galaxy clusters
Cosmic ray electrons reenergized in merging galaxy clusters: A phenomenon observed with low-frequency radio telescopes.
- Potentiating antibiotics in drug-resistant clinical isolates via stimuli-activated superoxide generation
Engineered nanoparticle for controlled superoxide flux potentiates antibiotics in MDR clinical isolates.
- Ligand effects in catalysis by atomically precise gold nanoclusters
Ligand effects are revealed by studying the comparing catalytic ability of isostructural gold nanoclusters with different protecting ligands.
- Efficient measurement and factorization of high-order drug interactions in Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Geometrically optimized sampling of drug-dose combinations enables systematic identification of high-order drug synergies.
- Adaptive social strategies in a solitary carnivore
The puma, a solitary carnivore, exhibits reciprocity and social strategies like social animals but over longer time scales.
- Tsunamis in the geological record: Making waves with a cautionary tale from the Mediterranean
Climate pacing of “tsunami” deposits in the Mediterranean’s geological record challenges ~90% of the original interpretations.
- Three-dimensional supercritical resolved light-induced magnetic holography
3D supercritical resolved light-induced magnetic holography makes possible 1872 Tbit/in3 ultrahigh-density data recording.
- Integrating networks and comparative genomics reveals retroelement proliferation dynamics in hominid genomes
Integrating comparative genomics and network science delineates the dynamics of retroelement activity in the genome
- Increased weight gain by C-section: Functional significance of the primordial microbiome
Mice born by C-section developed increased body weight and lacked microbiota developmental changes observed in control mice.
- Classical strong metal–support interactions between gold nanoparticles and titanium dioxide
The classical strong metal–support interaction between TiO2 and IB metals was demonstrated.
- Herbivory enables marine communities to resist warming
By maintaining interaction webs in the face of warming, herbivores dampen the effects of warming on succession and stability.
- Fault-tolerant quantum error detection
We show the fault-tolerant encoding, measurement, and operation of a logical qubit via quantum error detection.
- Electrotunable artificial molecules based on van der Waals heterostructures
Electrically controlled evolution from an artificial molecule to an artificial atom in atomically thin MoS2 is demonstrated.
- Transforming from planar to three-dimensional lithium with flowable interphase for solid lithium metal batteries
Improving the performance of solid-state lithium metal battery with three-dimensional anode nanostructural design.
- Shaping highly regular glass architectures: A lesson from nature
Protein crystal branching guides the morphogenesis of glass spicules in marine sponges from the class Demospongiae.
- Abundance and local-scale processes contribute to multi-phyla gradients in global marine diversity
Latitudinal biodiversity gradients differ between reef fishes and mobile macroinvertebrates at local but not regional scales.
- Comprehensive vaccine design for commensal disease progression
A comprehensive design offers global pneumococcal vaccine coverage.
- The landscape of transcription errors in eukaryotic cells
This paper provides the first comprehensive analysis of the fidelity of transcription in eukaryotic cells.
- Accelerating metabolism and transmembrane cation flux by distorting red blood cells
Glycolysis and transmembrane cation flux (measured by NMR) are accelerated in red blood cells controllably distorted in gels.
- Jamming and overpacking fuzzy microgels: Deformation, interpenetration, and compression
Superresolution microscopy unravels the nanoscale properties of densely packed stimuli-responsive polymer microgels.
- Bioinspired phase-separated disordered nanostructures for thin photovoltaic absorbers
Inspired by black butterfly scales, self-assembled phase-separated nanostructures form efficient photovoltaic absorbers.
- Electrically driven monolithic subwavelength plasmonic interconnect circuits
Here, we experimentally demonstrate a monolithic, subwavelength plasmonic interconnect circuit.
- Temporal variation in pelagic food chain length in response to environmental change
Extreme oceanographic conditions are associated with shorter food chain length in the California Current ecosystem.
- Upscaling species richness and abundances in tropical forests
We provide a framework to upscale biodiversity in tropical forests from local samples of species richness and abundances.
- Strong amplitude and phase modulation of optical spatial coherence with surface plasmon polaritons
Surface plasmon polaritons can make incoherent light coherent and vice versa.
- Defect passivation of transition metal dichalcogenides via a charge transfer van der Waals interface
Adsorption of organic molecules passivates defect states on single-layer MoS2 via charge transfer.
- Identification of XBP1-u as a novel regulator of the MDM2/p53 axis using an shRNA library
The unspliced form of XBP1 stabilizes MDM2 protein by inhibiting its ubiquitination and regulates the MDM2/p53 axis.
- Extending Wheeler’s delayed-choice experiment to space
The quantum wave-particle duality of light is confirmed at the unprecedented distance of low-Earth-orbit satellites.
- A drug pocket at the lipid bilayer–potassium channel interface
We map a binding site for small-molecule compounds that target voltage-gated K channels at the lipid bilayer–channel interface.
- Memristive stochastic plasticity enables mimicking of neural synchrony: Memristive circuit emulates an optical illusion
Memristive devices help address the binding problem: Their memory supports a transient connectivity in oscillator networks.
- Controlled growth and shape-directed self-assembly of gold nanoarrows
Shape-directed self-assembly of unique gold nanoarrows into supercrystals with unprecedented architectures is realized.
- Melanoma topology reveals a stem-like phenotype that promotes angiogenesis
Melanoma topology promotes a stem cell phenotype with the propensity to facilitate new vessel growth.
- DNA topology in chromatin is defined by nucleosome spacing
Nucleosome spacing variations cause topological polymorphism of chromatin that can affect DNA supercoiling and transcription.
- Topological liquid diode
Janus gate: A unique topology blocks the flow of water in one direction but makes it run fast in the opposite direction.
- Enhanced mobility CsPbI3 quantum dot arrays for record-efficiency, high-voltage photovoltaic cells
Perovskite quantum dot coupling tuned by A-site cation halide treatment yields a record quantum dot solar cell efficiency.
- A reversible single-molecule switch based on activated antiaromaticity
We use the concept of aromaticity to create an electrochemically activated single-molecule switch.
- Free-space propagation of high-dimensional structured optical fields in an urban environment
This study of structured light’s propagation across a 1.6-km free-space link indicates that adaptations to models may be required.
- Transformation of shock-compressed graphite to hexagonal diamond in nanoseconds
A rare hexagonal form of diamond, found at terrestrial impact sites, was observed in situ in shock compressed graphite.
- Development of ultrasound bioprobe for biological imaging
Imaging buried structures with ultrasound.
- Biosensing near the neutrality point of graphene
Using the charge neutrality point promises low-noise graphene electronic sensors.
- Globally threatened vertebrates on islands with invasive species
We identify the invasive species and biogeographic patterns on islands with 1189 highly threatened vertebrates.
- Design of flexible polyphenylene proton-conducting membrane for next-generation fuel cells
A novel design has enabled development of polyphenylene ionomer membranes that address major issues for fuel cell applications.
- Changes in water consumption linked to heavy news media coverage of extreme climatic events
Media-related public awareness of extreme drought in California is linked to changes in urban water use behavior.
Review
- Lead halide perovskites: Crystal-liquid duality, phonon glass electron crystals, and large polaron formation
Efficient dynamic screening is key to the success of lead halide perovskites in solar cells and light emitting devices.
About The Cover
ONLINE COVER Here, Deborah Norris, Ph.D., certified by the International Association of Yoga Therapists, is shown seated in Sukhasana posture with hands in the jnana mudra position, thought in meditation practice to guide energy flow and reflexes to the brain. Dr. Norris is a neuroscientist who has conducted research at the Veteran's Affairs Medical Center and Children's National Medical Center studying the effects of meditation on treating stress, post-traumatic stress disorder, pain, addiction, and neurological conditions in veterans and children. She is currently director of the Psychobiology of Healing Program in the Department of Psychology at American University in Washington, D.C., and previously spent 15 years working at a neurotoxicology lab in the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.
Based on a nine-month study called the ReSource Project at the Max-Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Germany, Valk et al. and Engert et al. report that long-term mental exercises may induce exercise-specific structural changes in the brain and reduce some indicators of stress.