Fig. 1 Comparing interest quorum groups on STEM career choice. Student-reported likelihood of choosing a STEM career as a function of the highest interest quorum experienced in students’ last high school biology, chemistry, or physics class [from most students “Not at all interested” (group 0) to “Very interested” (group 4)]. Dark bars represent means without covariates, and light bars represent means after controlling for covariates including gender, academic achievement, family support for science and mathematics, and previous STEM career interests in middle school and high school. Error bars represent ±1 SE.
Fig. 2 Effect sizes for group-level difference on STEM career choice. Effect size (Cohen’s d) of differences between interest quorum groups as a function of the gap between group levels (that is, groups 1 and 2 have a gap of 1, whereas groups 1 and 3 have a gap of 2), both with no covariates and with covariates of gender, academic achievement, family support for science and mathematics, and previous STEM career interests in middle school and high school.
Fig. 3 Comparing discipline interest quorum groups on disciplinary career choice. Student-reported likelihood of choosing a biology, chemistry, or physics career as a function of the interest quorum experienced in biology, chemistry, or physics class, respectively [from most students “Not at all interested” (group 0) to “Very interested” (group 4)]. Covariates included gender, academic achievement, family support for science and mathematics, and previous STEM career interests in middle school and high school. Error bars represent ±1 SE.
Fig. 4 Comparing discipline interest quorum groups on course performance. Student grades in biology, chemistry, or physics course (on GPA scale) as a function of the interest quorum experienced in biology, chemistry, or physics, respectively [from most students “Not at all interested” (group 0) to “Very interested” (group 4)]. Covariates included academic achievement and previous STEM career interests in middle school. Error bars represent ±1 SE.
- Table 1 ANCOVA results for STEM career choice.
Comparing interest quorum groups on STEM career intentions with multiple covariates included.
df F P Gender 1 50.2 <0.0001 Academic achievement index 1 52.6 <0.0001 Family’s interest in science—a diversion or hobby 1 32.5 <0.0001 Family’s interest in science—a way for me to have a better career 1 104.2 <0.0001 Family’s interest in math—a diversion or hobby 1 39.7 <0.0001 Family’s interest in math—a way for me to have a better career 1 41.0 <0.0001 STEM career interest in middle school 1 34.2 <0.0001 STEM career interest at the beginning of high school 1 44.7 <0.0001 Interest quorum groups 4 14.6 <0.0001
Supplementary Materials
Supplementary material for this article is available at http://advances.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/3/8/e1700046/DC1
Supplementary Materials and Methods
fig. S1. Home zip codes of student respondents.
fig. S2. Box plot of STEM career choice by interest quorum groups.
table S1. ANCOVA post hoc tests for STEM career choice.
table S2. ANCOVA results for disciplinary career choice (with student covariates).
table S3. ANCOVA post hoc tests for disciplinary career choice (with student covariates).
table S4. ANCOVA results for course performance (with student covariates).
table S5. ANCOVA post hoc tests for course performance (with student covariates).
table S6. ANCOVA results for disciplinary career choice (with student and teaching covariates).
table S7. ANCOVA post hoc tests for disciplinary career choice (with student and teaching covariates).
table S8. ANCOVA results for course performance (with student and teaching covariates).
table S9. ANCOVA post hoc tests for course performance (with student and teaching covariates).
table S10. Description of sample.
table S11. Interest quorum group frequencies.
table S12. Maximum interest quorum frequency.
table S13. Student differences covariates frequencies/descriptive statistics.
table S14. Disciplinary teacher quality covariate descriptive statistics.
References (34–37)
Additional Files
Supplementary Materials
This PDF file includes:
- Supplementary Materials and Methods
- fig. S1. Home zip codes of student respondents.
- fig. S2. Box plot of STEM career choice by interest quorum groups.
- table S1. ANCOVA post hoc tests for STEM career choice.
- table S2. ANCOVA results for disciplinary career choice (with student covariates).
- table S3. ANCOVA post hoc tests for disciplinary career choice (with student covariates).
- table S4. ANCOVA results for course performance (with student covariates).
- table S5. ANCOVA post hoc tests for course performance (with student covariates).
- table S6. ANCOVA results for disciplinary career choice (with student and teaching
covariates).
- table S7. ANCOVA post hoc tests for disciplinary career choice (with student and
teaching covariates).
- table S8. ANCOVA results for course performance (with student and teaching covariates).
- table S9. ANCOVA post hoc tests for course performance (with student and teaching
covariates).
- table S10. Description of sample.
- table S11. Interest quorum group frequencies.
- table S12. Maximum interest quorum frequency.
- table S13. Student differences covariates frequencies/descriptive statistics.
- table S14. Disciplinary teacher quality covariate descriptive statistics.
- References (34–37)
Files in this Data Supplement:
- Supplementary Materials and Methods
