Contents
November 2019
Vol 5, Issue 11
Vol 5, Issue 11
Contents
Research Articles
- Electrodeposited surfaces with reversibly switching interfacial properties
Electrodeposited surfaces show reversibly switching interfacial properties arising from the orientation change of surface ligands.
- Mechanically transformative electronics, sensors, and implantable devices
A platform built with novel materials and manufacturing strategies enables electronics adaptable for various applications.
- Impact of nuclear vibrations on van der Waals and Casimir interactions at zero and finite temperature
Van der Waals interactions in atomistic systems depend strongly on temperature, vibrational effects, and dimensionality.
- TiO2 metasurfaces: From visible planar photonics to photochemistry
The applications of TiO2 metasurfaces are extended from static planar visible photonics to dynamic devices and photochemistry.
- Breathing dissipative solitons in mode-locked fiber lasers
Oscillating dissipative solitons and their bound states are captured in ultrafast lasers using real-time measurement techniques.
- The Châtelperronian Neanderthals of Cova Foradada (Calafell, Spain) used imperial eagle phalanges for symbolic purposes
Eagle bones from Spanish cave reveal the long-standing Neanderthal jewelry tradition.
- Entropic elasticity and negative thermal expansion in a simple cubic crystal
Experiments reveal that negative thermal expansion behavior of a crystalline solid is similar to that of polymers and rubber.
- Spin-orbit torque manipulated by fine-tuning of oxygen-induced orbital hybridization
This paper reports that a fine-tuning of orbital hybridization opens a door to atomic-level engineering of spin-orbit physics.
- Subunit cell–level measurement of polarization in an individual polar vortex
We report accurates and informative measurement with subunit cell resolution for local polarization distribution in ferroelectrics.
- Supramolecular silicone coating capable of strong substrate bonding, readily damage healing, and easy oil sliding
We report damage-healable supramolecular silicone coatings with high adhesion to solid and low adhesion to oils.
- A mutually stabilized host-guest pair
A cage is able to accommodate an anthracene guest, after which both the host and guest are stabilized.
- Cyclodextrin polymer networks decorated with subnanometer metal nanoparticles for high-performance low-temperature catalysis
Ultrafine metal nanoparticles on a rationally designed support show outstanding catalytic performance.
- Resolving the topological classification of bismuth with topological defects
We used screw dislocations as a tool to probe spectroscopically the topological classification of electronic matter in bismuth.
- Dissociating stable nitrogen molecules under mild conditions by cyclic strain engineering
The dissociation of stable diatomic nitrogen molecules under mild conditions was realized via cyclic strain engineering.
- Avalanches and criticality in self-organized nanoscale networks
Electrical signals in networks of nanoparticles emulate correlated avalanches of signals and criticality in the brain.
- Stretchable self-healable semiconducting polymer film for active-matrix strain-sensing array
Skin-inspired semiconductor that is intrinsically stretchable, self-healable, and strain-sensitive for advanced sensory devices.
- Nanoparticle-induced neutrophil apoptosis increases survival in sepsis and alleviates neurological damage in stroke
Nanoparticles target inflammatory neutrophils to deliver doxorubicin for neutrophil apoptosis in resolution of inflammation.
- Targeting inflammatory sites through collagen affinity enhances the therapeutic efficacy of anti-inflammatory antibodies
Inflammation targeting through collagen affinity improves antibody therapeutic ability.
- MoS2 pixel arrays for real-time photoluminescence imaging of redox molecules
An array of micrometer-scale pixels of MoS2 works as a fluorescent “redox screen” to visualize redox molecule concentration.
- Thermionic transport across gold-graphene-WSe2 van der Waals heterostructures
This paper demonstrates a realistic device for nanoscale cooling and power generation made out of 2D van der Waals structures.
- SpCas9 activity prediction by DeepSpCas9, a deep learning–based model with high generalization performance
A deep learning–based model predicts activity of a widely used genome editing tool in a highly accurate manner.
- Machine learning–assisted molecular design and efficiency prediction for high-performance organic photovoltaic materials
Machine learning can be a powerful tool to prescreen new materials, thus accelerating the development of the OPV field.
- Designing electromechanical metamaterial with full nonzero piezoelectric coefficients
We demonstrate that overall 18 nonzero effective piezoelectric coefficients of ceramics are first created by metamaterial design.
- Integrated textile sensor patch for real-time and multiplex sweat analysis
We report a sweat analysis patch based on silk-derived carbon textile for simultaneous detection of six health-related biomarkers.
- Low-complexity domain of U1-70K modulates phase separation and aggregation through distinctive basic-acidic motifs
A repetitive basic-acidic motif in U1-70K is critical for its phase separation and aggregation.
- SCAN1-TDP1 trapping on mitochondrial DNA promotes mitochondrial dysfunction and mitophagy
Mitochondrial dysfunction promotes the etiology of neurodegenerative syndrome SCAN1.
- Long-acting reversible contraception by effervescent microneedle patch
An effervescent microneedle patch has been designed for rapid separation of drug-loaded microneedles and long-term contraception.
- Integrated proteogenetic analysis reveals the landscape of a mitochondrial-autophagosome synapse during PARK2-dependent mitophagy
We explore the landscape of a mitochondrial-autophagosome synapse during mitophagy using proteomics and genetic screens.
- Room temperature strain-induced Landau levels in graphene on a wafer-scale platform
Strain-induced Landau levels in wafer-scale graphene at room temperature are studied using momentum-resolved spectroscopy.
- Minimized lithium trapping by isovalent isomorphism for high initial Coulombic efficiency of silicon anodes
The effect of isovalent isomorphism to minimize lithium trapping enables a high initial Coulombic efficiency of Si anode.
- Hot carrier extraction in CH3NH3PbI3 unveiled by pump-push-probe spectroscopy
Three-pulse ultrafast spectroscopy reveals interfacial obstacles in methylammonium lead iodide during hot carrier transfer.
- Pinpointing nitrogen oxide emissions from space
Power plant exhausts can be identified and quantified from satellite observations.
- Role of climate in the rise and fall of the Neo-Assyrian Empire
Climate change played an important causal role in the expansion and collapse of the Neo-Assyrian Empire.
- Determination of topographical radiation dose profiles using gel nanosensors
We report the development of colorimetric gel nanosensors for topographical dose mapping in clinical radiotherapy.
- Erythrocyte leveraged chemotherapy (ELeCt): Nanoparticle assembly on erythrocyte surface to combat lung metastasis
Drug nanoparticles hitchhike on erythrocytes to target chemotherapy to the lungs for treating metastasis.
- The post-PAM interaction of RNA-guided spCas9 with DNA dictates its target binding and dissociation
This work determines the interactions between spCas9/sgRNA and DNA that dictate spCas9 binding and dissociation.
- Topological charge transport by mobile dielectric-ferroelectric domain walls
Resistivity and NMR measurements demonstrate an electrical conduction mechanism by topological domain walls and solitons.
- Evolutionarily conserved regulation of sleep by epidermal growth factor receptor signaling
Epidermal growth factor receptor signaling regulates sleep homeostasis in zebrafish and is implicated in regulating human sleep.
- Triboemission of hydrocarbon molecules from diamond-like carbon friction interface induces atomic-scale wear
Triboemission of hydrocarbon molecules such as methane and ethylene induces chemical and mechanical wear of diamond-like carbon.
- Fibrinogen-like protein 2 controls sepsis catabasis by interacting with resolvin Dp5
The dynamic expression of Fgl2 and RvDp5 synergistically programs inflammation resolution to restore homeostasis.
- In vivo changes of nanoapatite crystals during bone reconstruction and the differences with native bone apatite
Notable differences exist between synthetic and native apatite in their crystal size and state of existence in bone tissue.
- Natural van der Waals heterostructural single crystals with both magnetic and topological properties
We report naturally occurring van der Waals heterostructural single crystals with intrinsic magnetic topological properties.
- General and selective deoxygenation by hydrogen using a reusable earth-abundant metal catalyst
A Co-Ce catalyst permits the hydrodeoxygenation of alcohols, aldehydes, and ketones, tolerating numerous functional groups.
- A sperm peptide enhances long-term memory in female Drosophila
A sperm peptide transferred during mating controls a long-term memory checkpoint in the brain of female Drosophila.
- New skulls and skeletons of the Cretaceous legged snake Najash, and the evolution of the modern snake body plan
New fossils from the legged snake Najash reveal the evolutionary origins of key features of the modern snake skull and body.
- Fast nonadiabatic dynamics of many-body quantum systems
We develop a new approach to modeling many-body systems based on Bohm’s interpretation of quantum mechanics.
- Fast surface dynamics enabled cold joining of metallic glasses
We developed a facile ultrasonic vibration route is developed to synthesize BMGs and metallic glass-glass composites.
- Rational discovery of antimetastatic agents targeting the intrinsically disordered region of MBD2
The intrinsically disordered region of MBD2 is a promising target for treating cancer metastasis.
- Observation of exceptional points in magnonic parity-time symmetry devices
Parity-time symmetry has been theoretically and experimentally demonstrated in magnonics.
- A third of the tropical African flora is potentially threatened with extinction
The tropical African flora is highly biodiverse, but around one in every three species is potentially threatened with extinction.
- Monolithic shape-programmable dielectric liquid crystal elastomer actuators
Maxwell stress–activated shape-morphing liquid crystal elastomer actuators are efficient, fast, and forceful.
- Calculated avoidance: Math anxiety predicts math avoidance in effort-based decision-making
Math anxiety predicts how much effort people are willing to put into doing math.
- Brain-targeted enzyme-loaded nanoparticles: A breach through the blood-brain barrier for enzyme replacement therapy in Krabbe disease
GALC-loaded nanoparticles can reinstate enzymatic activity in the brain of the mouse model of Krabbe disease.
- A speech envelope landmark for syllable encoding in human superior temporal gyrus
Scientists find how syllable timing and stress are represented in human speech cortex.
- Mechanisms of nuclear content loading to exosomes
Nuclear-derived exosomes generated by micronuclear collapse provide an accurate snapshot of genomic features in ovarian cancer.
- Agreement between reconstructed and modeled boreal precipitation of the Last Interglacial
Models used to project climate change agree with geological evidence of precipitation in most boreal land in a past warm climate.
- Valence self-regulation of sulfur in nanoclusters
First observation of the “−1” valent sulfur as a sole sulfide—S−1.
- Enhancing monolayer photoluminescence on optical micro/nanofibers for low-threshold lasing
Photoactivating oxygen dangling bonds on tapered micro/nanofibers enhances monolayer photoluminescence quantum yields.
- Endoplasmic reticulum mediates mitochondrial transfer within the osteocyte dendritic network
Intercellular mitochondrial transfer mediated by the endoplasmic reticulum is essential for tissue homeostasis.
- Tuning, optimization, and perovskite solar cell device integration of ultrathin poly(3,4-ethylene dioxythiophene) films via a single-step all-dry process
Optimizing PEDOT crystallite texture and lattice constants improves conductivity and enhances perovskite solar cell stability.
- Discovery of fossil asteroidal ice in primitive meteorite Acfer 094
Discovery of fossil asteroidal ice in a meteorite provides new insight into asteroid formation in the early Solar System.
- Two-dimensional polymers with versatile functionalities via gemini monomers
Polymerization of dynamic bilayer of gemini monomers expands the chemistry, morphology, and functionality of 2D polymers.
- Electrically driven optical interferometry with spins in silicon carbide
Unexpectedly strong interactions between electric fields and solid-state quantum systems enable novel electro-optic phenomena.
- TRIM8 is required for virus-induced IFN response in human plasmacytoid dendritic cells
TRIM8 and Pin1 oppositely control IRF7-induced interferon production.
- The key player problem in complex oscillator networks and electric power grids: Resistance centralities identify local vulnerabilities
Most vulnerable components identified by resistance centralities in electric power grids.
- A skin-like two-dimensionally pixelized full-color quantum dot photodetector
We report a skin-like full-band on-chip photodetector enabled by two-dimensionally pixelized chalcometallate ligand quantum dots.
- Self-supported hydrogenolysis of aromatic ethers to arenes
Biomass-derived aromatic ether can be converted into single arene with >99.9% selectivity via self-supported hydrogenolysis.
- Neuronal GPCR NPR-8 regulates C. elegans defense against pathogen infection
The nervous system regulates C. elegans defense against pathogen infection by controlling the dynamics of cuticle structure.
- Carbon neutral expansion of oil palm plantations in the Neotropics
Pasture conversion is a promising alternative to cut down the carbon footprint of deforestation for oil palm expansion.
- How to detect high-performing individuals and groups: Decision similarity predicts accuracy
We select high-performing individuals and groups by looking at how similar individuals’ decisions are to the decisions of others.
- A laser-plasma accelerator driven by two-color relativistic femtosecond laser pulses
Driving a laser-plasma accelerator by two-color laser pulses, e.g., 800 and 400 nm, leads to a considerable electron energy boost.
- Mechanistic reconstruction of glycoprotein secretion through monitoring of intracellular N-glycan processing
Kinetic analysis of intracellular intermediates affords a mathematical model for N-glycoprotein processing and secretion.
- Massive clonal expansion of medulloblastoma-specific T cells during adoptive cellular therapy
Extensive clonal T cell expansion is associated with response to immunotherapy.
- Sculpted grain boundaries in soft crystals
Soft heteroepitaxy can produce sculpted grain boundaries with molded liquid-liquid interfaces and distortion-free soft crystals.
- Nanoscale coupling of endocytic pit growth and stability
The lifetime and stability of nanoscale endocytic structures are shown to be coupled to their growth by an endocytic protein.
- Boiled or roasted? Bivalve cooking methods of early Puerto Ricans elucidated using clumped isotopes
Analyses of bivalves suggest peak heating temperatures of 200°C, giving insight into ancient culinary techniques.
- Hierarchical assembly governs TRIM5α recognition of HIV-1 and retroviral capsids
TRIM5α combines distinct modes of binding into successively higher-order structures to recognize HIV-1 and retroviral capsids.
- Plasmonic nanogap enhanced phase-change devices with dual electrical-optical functionality
Using plasmonics, photonics, and electronics, a nonvolatile memory cell operated both electrically and optically is demonstrated.
- Durable multitransgene expression in vivo using systemic, nonviral DNA delivery
HEDGES, a tunable nonviral DNA-based gene therapy platform, durably expresses human therapeutic proteins in immunocompetent mice.
- Integrating climate adaptation and biodiversity conservation in the global ocean
We evaluate the extent of climate change adaptation in the global protected seascape, and identify ways to further advance it.
- Highly efficient hot electron harvesting from graphene before electron-hole thermalization
A method for vertically extracting upconverted energetic electrons from broadband photoexcited graphene with high efficiency.
- Elucidating the active δ-opioid receptor crystal structure with peptide and small-molecule agonists
Crystal structures provide first atomic-level insights into δ-opioid receptor activation by two structurally diverse agonists.
- Escaping the perfect storm of simultaneous climate change impacts on agriculture and marine fisheries
Climate mitigation can markedly brighten the future of the world’s food production systems.
- The commonness of rarity: Global and future distribution of rarity across land plants
A large fraction of Earth’s plant species are faced with increased chances of extinction.
- Why Molière most likely did write his plays
Quantitative linguistics contradicts the much publicized theory naming Corneille as the author of Molière’s masterpieces.
- Exciton control in a room temperature bulk semiconductor with coherent strain pulses
Lattice acoustic waves induce giant modulations of the exciton properties in a semiconductor.
- A conserved ATP- and Scc2/4-dependent activity for cohesin in tethering DNA molecules
Reconstitution of ATP-dependent cohesion by purified yeast and human cohesin complexes shows distinct types of cohesin bridges.
- Photoferrotrophy, deposition of banded iron formations, and methane production in Archean oceans
Photoferrotrophs repel iron to deposit banded iron formations and contribute methane to the atmosphere during the Archean Eon.
- Detecting and quantifying causal associations in large nonlinear time series datasets
A novel causal discovery method for estimating nonlinear interdependency networks from large time series datasets.
- Undulatory topographical waves for flow-induced foulant sweeping
Undulatory topographical waves of bioinspired dynamic surfaces effectively prevent surface fouling.
- Anchorene is a carotenoid-derived regulatory metabolite required for anchor root formation in Arabidopsis
Arabidopsis is anchored by a carotenoid-derived metabolite.
- Crustal seismic velocity responds to a magmatic intrusion and seasonal loading in Iceland’s Northern Volcanic Zone
Seismic velocity of the shallow crust changes after an intrusion of magma and seasonally due to environmental effects in Iceland.
- Allosteric modulation of nucleoporin assemblies by intrinsically disordered regions
Kap121 interacts with an intrinsically disordered region of Nup53 to allosterically modulate Nup53 binding to partner nucleoporins.
- In vivo–mimicking microfluidic perfusion culture of pancreatic islet spheroids
Microenvironmental control of interstitial flow around pancreatic islets effectively maintains islet function in vitro.
- A multihost bacterial pathogen overcomes continuous population bottlenecks to adapt to new host species
A model of bacterial host switching provides a window into the population dynamics of host adaptation.
- Unconventional route to dual-shelled organolead halide perovskite nanocrystals with controlled dimensions, surface chemistry, and stabilities
Star-like block copolymer nanoreactor enables the crafting of dual-shelled perovskite nanocrystals with enhanced stabilities.
- Trace CO2 capture by an ultramicroporous physisorbent with low water affinity
The first sorbent with high CO2 selectivity and poor water affinity addresses need for trace CO2 remediation in confined spaces.
- Climate change threatens New Guinea’s biocultural heritage
Climate-smart strategic expansion of protected area networks is essential to protect and reinforce biocultural traditions.
- Modeling other minds: Bayesian inference explains human choices in group decision-making
A Bayesian model suggests that when interacting with a group, humans simulate the “mind of the group” to choose an action.
- The release of surface-anchored α-tectorin, an apical extracellular matrix protein, mediates tectorial membrane organization
Surface expression and release of α-tectorin are required for the organization of collagen bundles of the tectorial membrane.
- Phospholipid remodeling is critical for stem cell pluripotency by facilitating mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition
Phospholipid-dependent regulation of NF-κB contributes to mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition in pluripotency acquisition.
- DNA-assembled nanoarchitectures with multiple components in regulated and coordinated motion
We demonstrate DNA-directed nanosystems with multiple components in motion.
- Unconventional scaling of the superfluid density with the critical temperature in transition metal dichalcogenides
Pressure effect in NbSe2 resembles hallmark features of unconventional superconductivity in cuprates.
Reviews
- Antarctic environmental change and biological responses
Climate change threatens Antarctica.
- Climate change effects on plant-soil feedbacks and consequences for biodiversity and functioning of terrestrial ecosystems
By affecting plant-soil feedbacks, climate change will alter plant distribution and performance and overall ecosystem functioning.
Editorial
About The Cover
ONLINE COVER Archaeologists have suggested that Neanderthals used seashells as beads and to hold paints, indicating that these ancient humans may have conveyed ideas like social status or rank with symbolic objects. Over the years, they have found eagle talons at Neanderthal sites, proposing that they, too, had been used for symbolic purposes. Because these kinds of finds are uncommon, however, some researchers have argued that Neanderthals did not have symbolic culture, at least until modern humans introduced it to them after migrating into Europe and Eurasia. Now, Rodriguez-Hidalgo et al. have found an eagle toe bone (phalanx) in Foradada Cave in Spain that they believe was cut by a Neanderthal to remove the talon. Using 3-D analysis, they found that cut marks on the bone were made by a tool, likely to remove the talon as there is little nutritional content on that part of the bird. The authors believe Neanderthals may have used eagle talons and feathers to evoke connotations of eagles as majestic predators. The results contribute to scarce evidence that ancient humans may have used animal parts for symbolic purposes, as opposed to practical ones. [CREDIT: ANTONIO RODRÍGUEZ-HIDALGO]
