Contents
July 2020
Vol 6, Issue 30
Vol 6, Issue 30
Contents
Research Articles
- Extraordinary curtailment of massive typhus epidemic in the Warsaw Ghetto
A massive typhus epidemic was brought to a grinding halt in Warsaw Ghetto 1941 by the ghetto inmates.
- A potentiometric mechanotransduction mechanism for novel electronic skins
A potentiometric mechanotransduction mechanism is developed for strain-insensitive sensors and single-electrode e-skins.
- Role of Ca2+ transients at the node of the mouse embryo in breaking of left-right symmetry
Left-right (L-R) asymmetric intraciliary calcium transient at the node is the determinant of L-R axis in mice.
- Illuminating dark fishing fleets in North Korea
Multisensor satellite technologies reveal large-scale illegal fishing in some of the world’s least monitored waters.
- Meteorite evidence for partial differentiation and protracted accretion of planetesimals
A broad spectrum of fully differentiated, partially melted, and possibly unmelted objects populated the early solar system.
- Dermal exosomes containing miR-218-5p promote hair regeneration by regulating β-catenin signaling
Exosomes derived from dermal papilla spheroids express a high level of miR-218-5p, which directly regulates hair regeneration.
- Enabling the assessment of trauma-induced hemorrhage via smart wearable systems
Assessing the mechanical function of the heart using wearable sensors may soon enable robust, data-driven treatment of hemorrhage.
- Mapping of host-parasite-microbiome interactions reveals metabolic determinants of tropism and tolerance in Chagas disease
Chemical cartography of experimental gastrointestinal Chagas disease identifies previously-unknown mechanisms of disease tolerance.
- SirT7 auto-ADP-ribosylation regulates glucose starvation response through mH2A1
SirT7 is a dual enzyme that regulates energy deprivation response through a functional interaction with histone variant mH2A1.
- Deep learning–based cell composition analysis from tissue expression profiles
Scaden enables robust cell type deconvolution of complex samples across data types, using a deep learning–based model.
- Structure-specific DNA recombination sites: Design, validation, and machine learning–based refinement
Synthetic attC sites can be embedded into virtually any sequence and constitute a structure-specific DNA recombination system.
- Chimeric apoptotic bodies functionalized with natural membrane and modular delivery system for inflammation modulation
Chimeric apoptotic bodies promote M2 polarization of macrophages to modulate inflammation.
- Diverse noncoding mutations contribute to deregulation of cis-regulatory landscape in pediatric cancers
Joint analysis of genomic and transcriptomic data reveals diverse noncoding mutation landscapes in five types of pediatric cancers.
- Cellular sensing of extracellular purine nucleosides triggers an innate IFN-β response
Metabolic analysis of ADA2-deficient cells shows that extracellular purine nucleosides trigger cellular innate immunity.
- Proteasomal degradation of the intrinsically disordered protein tau at single-residue resolution
Dissecting the degradation of the Alzheimer’s disease–related protein Tau by the 20S proteasome at single-residue resolution.
- Epitaxial antiperovskite/perovskite heterostructures for materials design
Atomic-scale structure, composition, and bonding at the heterointerface between antiperovskites and perovskites.
- Cell type–differential modulation of prefrontal cortical GABAergic interneurons on low gamma rhythm and social interaction
Prefrontal cortical PV INs and SST INs differentially regulate low gamma rhythms and social interaction behavior.
- PET, image-guided HDAC inhibition of pediatric diffuse midline glioma improves survival in murine models
In vivo, real-time image-guided CED of a PET-imageable HDAC inhibitor is needed to improve survival in murine models of DIPG.
- Realization of an intrinsic ferromagnetic topological state in MnBi8Te13
The discovery of an intrinsic ferromagnetic axion insulator MnBi8Te13 paves the way for quantized magnetoelectric effect.
- Neurotransmitter-derived lipidoids (NT-lipidoids) for enhanced brain delivery through intravenous injection
Tryptamine-derived lipidoid-doped lipid nanoparticle formulations facilitate cargos crossing the blood-brain barrier.
- When ontogeny recapitulates phylogeny: Fixed neurodevelopmental sequence of manipulative skills among primates
The strictly cumulative emergence of manipulative skills in primates constrains the evolution of complex technology.
- Switching the intracellular pathway and enhancing the therapeutic efficacy of small interfering RNA by auroliposome
Auroliposome represents a highly effective siRNA delivery platform for in vitro and in vivo application.
- Epigenetic transcriptional reprogramming by WT1 mediates a repair response during podocyte injury
The Wilms tumor-1 transcription factor regulates a repair process, providing insights on the pathogenesis of kidney disease.
- Peptidoglycan editing provides immunity to Acinetobacter baumannii during bacterial warfare
A peptidoglycan editing mechanism confers protection against T6SS assaults without relying on immunity proteins.
- An alternate conformation of HCV E2 neutralizing face as an additional vaccine target
An alternate conformation is found for the major antibody target on hepatitis C virus to aid in rational vaccine design.
- Increased PIP3 activity blocks nanoparticle mRNA delivery
PIP3, a bioactive lipid upstream of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway, decreased protein translated from nanoparticle-delivered mRNA.
- 3D touchless multiorder reflection structural color sensing display
A 3D touchless display is created where a human finger position is visualized in structural colors of a soft photonic crystal.
- Content-based features predict social media influence operations
Coordinated political influence operations leave a distinct signature in content that machine learning can detect.
- Treatment of psoriasis with NFKBIZ siRNA using topical ionic liquid formulations
A method is reported using ionic liquids for topical delivery of siRNA into skin for the treatment of psoriasis.
- Epigenetically heterogeneous tumor cells direct collective invasion through filopodia-driven fibronectin micropatterning
Specialized leader cells use stable filopodia to create linear fibronectin tracks to promote collective cancer invasion.
- Expression of inhibitory receptors by B cells in chronic human infectious diseases restricts responses to membrane-associated antigens
Atypical memory B cell antigens must be membrane associated to force exclusion of inhibitory receptors from the immune synapse.
- The elusive cyclotriphosphazene molecule and its Dewar benzene–type valence isomer (P3N3)
Cyclotriphosphazene (P3N3) and its Dewar benzene–type isomer were identified on the basis of their photochemical properties.
- Distortion matrix concept for deep optical imaging in scattering media
The distortion matrix overcomes aberrations and multiple scattering, thereby enabling ultradeep and wide-field optical imaging.
- Geometrically reconfigurable 3D mesostructures and electromagnetic devices through a rational bottom-up design strategy
A rational bottom-up design strategy was developed to build microelectronic devices capable of 3D geometrical reconfiguration.
- Robust differentiation of human pluripotent stem cells into endothelial cells via temporal modulation of ETV2 with modified mRNA
Temporal activation of ETV2 enables robust differentiation of human pluripotent stem cells into competent endothelial cells.
- Speech perception at birth: The brain encodes fast and slow temporal information
At birth, the auditory system is able to encode speech in fine acoustic details on the basis of its slowest amplitude modulations.
- Architecture of the AP2/clathrin coat on the membranes of clathrin-coated vesicles
Cryo-electron tomography reveals the conformational changes and clathrin interactions of AP2 during coated vesicle assembly.
- The structures of natively assembled clathrin-coated vesicles
Distribution of adaptor proteins in clathrin-coated vesicles is not random.
- The clonal repopulation of HSPC gene modified with anti–HIV-1 RNAi is not affected by preexisting HIV-1 infection
A novel approach enables a direct comparison of anti-HIV– and non–gene-modified stem-cell engraftment in an HIV-1–infected host.
- Accessing new magnetic regimes by tuning the ligand spin-orbit coupling in van der Waals magnets
Previously unknown magnetic regimes and phenomena are revealed by tuning the competition between two types of spin-orbit coupling.
- A new coumarin compound DCH combats methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus biofilm by targeting arginine repressor
Coumarin compound DCH combats methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infection via inhibiting bacterial arginine repressor.
- Turbulence in the Sun is suppressed on large scales and confined to equatorial regions
Helioseismology reveals that turbulence in the Sun is suppressed on large scales and confined to equatorial regions.
- Direct observation of anisotropic growth of water films on minerals driven by defects and surface tension
Nanometer-thick water films grow anisotropically over single mineral nanoparticles.
- Filamentous active matter: Band formation, bending, buckling, and defects
Molecular motors connecting cytoskeletal filaments induce persistent motion of polar domains and formation of topological defects.
Review
- Shattering barriers toward clinically meaningful MSC therapies
To realize the potential of MSCs, bioengineering is needed to boost potency and control heterogeneity.
About The Cover
ONLINE COVER The processes that drive heat transfer on the Sun remain a perplexing problem for solar physicists. While it is thought that these processes in the Sun's outer envelope are key to large-scale phenomena such as differential rotation, meridional circulation, and the global magnetic cycle, they cannot be duplicated in a laboratory environment—scientists can only begin to understand them by comparing observations with the most advanced simulations of convection on the solar surface. In order to better understand how convection produces turbulence on the Sun (as well as on distant yet similar stars), Hanasoge et al. used helioseismology methods to "listen" to waves pulsating through the star like a heartbeat. These waves were recorded in 8 years of observations gathered by the Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager onboard NASA's flagship heliophysics satellite, the Solar Dynamics Observatory. Their findings suggest that turbulence in the Sun is limited to equatorial regions rather than occurring on large scales. Hanasoge et al. also identified differences between observations and simulations that reveal gaps in solar physicists' current understanding of solar convection. [CREDIT: NASA/SDO]
