Contents
November 2020
Vol 6, Issue 46
Vol 6, Issue 46
Contents
Research Articles
- Nanobubble-controlled nanofluidic transport
This work investigates how nanobubbles can impede, rectify, or even enhance ion transport through nanofluidic channels.
- High-capacity auditory memory for vocal communication in a social songbird
Zebra finches can quickly form long-term auditory memories of up to 50 conspecifics based on their song or distance call.
- Electronic quality factor for thermoelectrics
This work proposes an electronic quality factor for an efficient guidance to thermoelectric advancements with demonstrations.
- Adaptive tuning of cell sensory diversity without changes in gene expression
Cell populations can switch strategies between bet-hedging and adaptive tracking using only posttranslational processes.
- Attosecond metrology in a continuous-beam transmission electron microscope
Electron microscopy is advanced to attosecond resolution by modulating the beam with the field cycles of a continuous-wave laser.
- Therapeutics potentiating microglial p21-Nrf2 axis can rescue neurodegeneration caused by neuroinflammation
Novel therapeutics that can activate the microglial Nrf2 pathway contribute to neuronal survival in neuroinflammatory conditions.
- Topological phonons in oxide perovskites controlled by light
Perovskites have it all: light-driven topological phonons added to the long list of properties of this family of materials.
- Nebulin and Lmod2 are critical for specifying thin-filament length in skeletal muscle
Nebulin rules thin-filament length in fast skeletal muscle but collaborates with leiomodin-2 in muscles optimized for efficiency.
- Assembly of the algal CO2-fixing organelle, the pyrenoid, is guided by a Rubisco-binding motif
A protein motif mediates targeting of proteins to the pyrenoid and appears to link the pyrenoid’s three subcompartments.
- Combined high- and low-latitude forcing of East Asian monsoon precipitation variability in the Pliocene warm period
A terrestrial record reveals that East Asian monsoon was forced by high- and low-latitude temperature variability in Pliocene.
- LRRK2 mediates tubulation and vesicle sorting from lysosomes
The Parkinson disease kinase LRRK2 translocates to the lysosomal membrane triggering lysosomal sorting through JIP4.
- Determinants of seeding and spreading of α-synuclein pathology in the brain
The uptake and spread of a-synuclein pathology in the brain are governed by neuronal phenotype and connectomics.
- Multiscale dynamics of colloidal deposition and erosion in porous media
Microscopy reveals that the interplay of deposition and erosion controls the distribution of colloids throughout a porous medium.
- On the crucial role of atmospheric rivers in the two major Weddell Polynya events in 1973 and 2017 in Antarctica
Atmospheric rivers induced sea ice melt and initiated the two major Weddell Polynya events in November 1973 and September 2017.
- The structure-function relationship of oncogenic LMTK3
The structure of oncogenic LMTK3 determines its role and functions allowing drug inhibition as a new therapeutic strategy.
- Direct detection of circular polarized light in helical 1D perovskite-based photodiode
A helical one-dimensional lead halide perovskite structure shown to detect circularly polarized light as an efficient photodiode.
- Plasma-derived extracellular vesicle analysis and deconvolution enable prediction and tracking of melanoma checkpoint blockade outcome
Plasma-derived extracellular vesicles potentially enable prediction and tracking of immunotherapy response.
- Magnetic resonance imaging of spin-wave transport and interference in a magnetic insulator
Spins in diamond enable quantitative, phase-sensitive magnetic resonance imaging of coherent spin waves in thin-film magnets.
- Two replication fork remodeling pathways generate nuclease substrates for distinct fork protection factors
At least two groups of fork protection factors work downstream of two RAD51-dependent fork remodeling pathways.
- Designing spontaneous behavioral switching via chaotic itinerancy
An approach based on reservoir computing enables design of chaotic itinerancy reproducibly in a high-dimensional chaotic system.
- Hydroplastic foaming of graphene aerogels and artificially intelligent tactile sensors
A hydroplastic foaming method fabricates graphene aerogels and constructs a tactile sensor to outperform human finger.
- Regulating the reactivity of black phosphorus via protective chemistry
Black phosphorus is stabilized by ionic/hydrophobic protection, whereas its reactivity is resumed by chelator deprotection.
- Repeated gain and loss of a single gene modulates the evolution of vascular plant pathogen lifestyles
A single gene with a dynamic evolutionary history allows plant pathogenic bacteria to spread systemically through their hosts.
- TRPML2 is an osmo/mechanosensitive cation channel in endolysosomal organelles
Protein trafficking is mediated by tubulation/vesiculation of endosomes and is regulated by osmo/mechanosensitive TRPML2.
- Mapping bilayer thickness in the ER membrane
Ceramide locally thickens the ER-bilayer to compartmentalize diffusion in the ER-membrane and structure ER-TGN-contact sites.
- Outsized effect of predation: Wolves alter wetland creation and recolonization by killing ecosystem engineers
Outsized effect of predation: Wolves alter wetland creation and recolonization by killing ecosystem engineers.
- Lack of nutritional immunity in diabetic skin infections promotes Staphylococcus aureus virulence
Nutritional immunity defects explain the severity of S. aureus skin infections in patients with diabetes.
- Engineered probiotics biofilm enhances osseointegration via immunoregulation and anti-infection
Engineered probiotics biofilms prevent MRSA infection and improve bone integration through immunoregulation.
- Dedifferentiation and neuronal repression define familial Alzheimer’s disease
Neurons in familial Alzheimer’s disease undergo dedifferentiation, resulting in loss of lineage state and degeneration.
- Hydrogen embrittlement through the formation of low-energy dislocation nanostructures in nanoprecipitation-strengthened steels
Embrittlement originates from dislocation nanocellular structures stabilized by the presence of hydrogen.
- A conserved SUMO pathway repairs topoisomerase DNA-protein cross-links by engaging ubiquitin-mediated proteasomal degradation
A conserved SUMO-ubiquitin-proteasome pathway protects cells from DNA damage induced by topoisomerases.
- Artificial visual systems enabled by quasi–two-dimensional electron gases in oxide superlattice nanowires
Quasi–two-dimensional electron gases in superlattice nanowires enable the ultralow-power artificial visual systems.
- Redox-responsive nanoplatform for codelivery of miR-519c and gemcitabine for pancreatic cancer therapy
Redox-responsive nanomedicine of miR-519c and gemcitabine effectively inhibits pancreatic tumor growth in mice.
- DORGE: Discovery of Oncogenes and tumoR suppressor genes using Genetic and Epigenetic features
DORGE predicts cancer-driver genes by integrating the most comprehensive collection of genetic and epigenetic data.
- Multilayer fabrication of durable catheter-deployable soft robotic sensor arrays for efficient left atrial mapping
Soft robotic sensor arrays for left-atrial mapping demonstrate highly conformal contact to complex patient anatomies.
- HSF1 physically neutralizes amyloid oligomers to empower overgrowth and bestow neuroprotection
HSF1 neutralizes soluble amyloid oligomers to safeguard the mitochondria, thereby enabling uncontrolled growth.
- Room temperature 3D printing of super-soft and solvent-free elastomers
Insights into self-assembly enable the 3D printing of super-soft elastomers at room temperature without solvent.
- Circular RNAs from BOULE play conserved roles in protection against stress-induced fertility decline
Conserved circBoule RNAs protect male fertility from thermal insults in animals.
- Scalable tactile sensor arrays on flexible substrates with high spatiotemporal resolution enabling slip and grip for closed-loop robotics
A single thin-film transistor senses, amplifies, and multiplexes force to sense slip and close the loop in robotic gripping.
- Persistent epigenetic reprogramming of sweet taste by diet
Diets high in sugar persistently alter sensory responses to sweetness through the actions of the PRC2 complex to promote obesity.
- A Zic2-regulated switch in a noncanonical Wnt/βcatenin pathway is essential for the formation of bilateral circuits
A switch in a non-canonical Wnt/βcatenin pathway controls axon guidance at the midline.
- Deep convection–driven vortex formation on Jupiter and Saturn
New simulations suggest storms on Jupiter and Saturn could be 1000s of kilometers deep and may be formed by boiling gasses.
- Ultrastrong lightweight compositionally complex steels via dual-nanoprecipitation
Novel dual-nanoprecipitation enables ultrahigh specific strength of new ductile, lightweight compositionally complex steels.
- Expandable and implantable bioelectronic complex for analyzing and regulating real-time activity of the urinary bladder
We introduce a soft, expandable electronic and optoelectronic system designed to monitor and cure urinary bladder diseases.
- Light-driven, heterogeneous organocatalysts for C–C bond formation toward valuable perfluoroalkylated intermediates
In-depth analysis of structure/activity relationship aids rational design of modified carbon nitride for organophotocatalysis.
About The Cover
ONLINE COVER While previous research has suggested that unhealthy foods with lots of sugar, salt, and fat skew human perceptions of taste, nudging us to overindulge in them, the molecular mechanisms behind this phenomenon have been difficult to identify due to the complexity of taste in mammals. To explore these mechanisms in a simpler organism, Vaziri et al. fed Drosophila melanogaster flies either a sugary diet (30% sucrose) or a control diet (5% sucrose) for 7 days. Afterwards, they compared the flies' responses to three different concentrations of sweetness based on how far they extended their proboscises—an established proxy for taste response commonly used by fruit fly researchers—finding that flies fed the high-sugar diet showed a substantially decreased response to sweet taste compared to the control group. However, flies with mutations in one or more of the protein components of the PRC2.1 complex showed the same response to sweet taste on both diets, further indicating this epigenetic regulator's important role in dulling sugar perceptions. [CREDIT: NIUSHA SHODJA AND SAINA HESHMATI FROM THE STORYBOOK COMPANY LLC]
