Electrical tunability of terahertz nonlinearity in graphene

Sergey Kovalev; Hassan A. Hafez; Klaas-Jan Tielrooij; Jan-Christoph Deinert; Igor Ilyakov; Nilesh Awari; David Alcaraz; Karuppasamy Soundarapandian; David Saleta; Semyon Germanskiy; Min Chen; Mohammed Bawatna; Bertram Green; Frank H. L. Koppens; Martin Mittendorff; Mischa Bonn; Michael Gensch; Dmitry Turchinovich

doi:10.1126/sciadv.abf9809

Research ArticleCONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS

Electrical tunability of terahertz nonlinearity in graphene

View ORCID ProfileSergey Kovalev¹,
Hassan A. Hafez²,*,
View ORCID ProfileKlaas-Jan Tielrooij ³,
View ORCID ProfileJan-Christoph Deinert¹,
Igor Ilyakov¹,
Nilesh Awari¹,
David Alcaraz⁴,
View ORCID ProfileKaruppasamy Soundarapandian⁴,
View ORCID ProfileDavid Saleta³,
View ORCID ProfileSemyon Germanskiy¹,
View ORCID ProfileMin Chen¹,
View ORCID ProfileMohammed Bawatna¹,
View ORCID ProfileBertram Green¹,
View ORCID ProfileFrank H. L. Koppens⁴,⁵,
View ORCID ProfileMartin Mittendorff⁶,
View ORCID ProfileMischa Bonn⁷,
Michael Gensch ⁸,⁹,* and
View ORCID ProfileDmitry Turchinovich ²,*

¹Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Bautzner Landstraße 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany.
²Fakultät für Physik, Universität Bielefeld, Universitätsstr. 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany.
³Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), BIST and CSIC, Campus UAB, 08193, Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain.
⁴Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques (ICFO), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain.
⁵Institució Catalana de Recerça i Estudis Avancats (ICREA), 08010 Barcelona, Spain.
⁶Fakultät für Physik, Universität Duisburg-Essen, Lotharstraße 1, 47057 Duisburg, Germany.
⁷Max-Planck-Institut für Polymerforschung, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany.
⁸Institut für Optische Sensorsysteme, DLR, Rutherfordstraße 2, 12489 Berlin, Germany
⁹Institut für Optik und Atomare Physik, Technische Universität Berlin, Strasse des 17. Juni 135, 10623 Berlin, Germany.

↵*Corresponding author. Email: hafez{at}physik.uni-bielefeld.de (H.A.H); michael.gensch{at}dlr.de (M.G.); dmtu{at}physik.uni-bielefeld.de (D.T.)

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Science Advances 07 Apr 2021:
Vol. 7, no. 15, eabf9809
DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abf9809

Sergey Kovalev

1Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Bautzner Landstraße 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany.

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ORCID record for Sergey Kovalev

Hassan A. Hafez

2Fakultät für Physik, Universität Bielefeld, Universitätsstr. 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany.

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For correspondence: hafez@physik.uni-bielefeld.de michael.gensch@dlr.de dmtu@physik.uni-bielefeld.de

Klaas-Jan Tielrooij

3Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), BIST and CSIC, Campus UAB, 08193, Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain.

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Jan-Christoph Deinert

1Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Bautzner Landstraße 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany.

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Igor Ilyakov

1Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Bautzner Landstraße 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany.

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Nilesh Awari

1Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Bautzner Landstraße 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany.

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David Alcaraz

4Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques (ICFO), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain.

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Karuppasamy Soundarapandian

4Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques (ICFO), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain.

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David Saleta

3Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), BIST and CSIC, Campus UAB, 08193, Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain.

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Semyon Germanskiy

1Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Bautzner Landstraße 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany.

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Min Chen

1Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Bautzner Landstraße 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany.

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Mohammed Bawatna

1Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Bautzner Landstraße 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany.

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Bertram Green

1Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Bautzner Landstraße 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany.

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Frank H. L. Koppens

4Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques (ICFO), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain.

5Institució Catalana de Recerça i Estudis Avancats (ICREA), 08010 Barcelona, Spain.

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Martin Mittendorff

6Fakultät für Physik, Universität Duisburg-Essen, Lotharstraße 1, 47057 Duisburg, Germany.

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Mischa Bonn

7Max-Planck-Institut für Polymerforschung, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany.

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Michael Gensch

8Institut für Optische Sensorsysteme, DLR, Rutherfordstraße 2, 12489 Berlin, Germany

9Institut für Optik und Atomare Physik, Technische Universität Berlin, Strasse des 17. Juni 135, 10623 Berlin, Germany.

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For correspondence: hafez@physik.uni-bielefeld.de michael.gensch@dlr.de dmtu@physik.uni-bielefeld.de

Dmitry Turchinovich

2Fakultät für Physik, Universität Bielefeld, Universitätsstr. 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany.

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For correspondence: hafez@physik.uni-bielefeld.de michael.gensch@dlr.de dmtu@physik.uni-bielefeld.de

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