Science Advances

This PDF file includes:

• note S1. Detailed information for the simulation modeling.
  
• note S2. Factors affecting TENG’s inherent impedance.
  
• note S3. Consequences of the saTENG’s high inherent impedance.
  
• note S4. Detailed explanation for the increasing contact area with the increasing elongation of the saTENG.
  
• note S5. Detailed derivation of Eq. 3.
  
• fig. S1. The measured typical electrical responses of the saTENG unit, with paraffin oil as the electrode.
  
• fig. S2. Dependence of the open-circuit voltage (V_oc) on the deformation of the saTENG unit and the interval between the nylon and rubber.
  
• fig. S3. Influence of the contact frequency of the two triboelectric surfaces on the electrical outputs of the single-electrode-mode saTENG.
  
• fig. S4. Influence of the length of the saTENG unit on the electrical outputs of the single-electrode-mode
  
• saTENG.
  
• fig. S5. Influence of the diameter of the saTENG unit on the electrical outputs of the single-electrode-
  
• mode saTENG.
  
• fig. S6. Theoretical results of the influence of the thickness of the rubber cover on the electrical outputs of the single-electrode-mode saTENG.
  
• fig. S7. Schematic diagram exhibiting the operating mechanism for the saTENG working in the attached-electrode contact mode.
  
• fig. S8. Simulation results showing the increasing electrical potential difference between the two electrodes for saTENG units working in the attached-electrode sliding mode and freestanding mode.
  
• fig. S9. Increasing conductivity of the NaCl solution with the increasing weight concentration.
  
• fig. S10. Experimental setup for the stretchability test.
  
• fig. S11. Cycle test of the saTENG under the original state.
  
• fig. S12. Cycle test of the saTENG under the stretched state.
  
• fig. S13. Equivalent circuit diagrams for the LED arrays in demonstrations.
  
• fig. S14. Demonstrations of the sliding-mode and freestanding-mode saTENGs to harvest energy from human motion.
  
• Legends for movies S1 to S11

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Other Supplementary Material for this manuscript includes the following:

• movie S1 (.mov format). Harvesting energy from foot motion by an outsole saTENG.
  
• movie S2 (.mov format). A bracelet-like saTENG worn on a human wrist to harvest energy from tapping motion.
  
• movie S3 (.mov format). Charging an aluminum electrolytic capacitor by a bracelet-like saTENG.
  
• movie S4 (.mov format). A bracelet-like saTENG worn on the upper arm to monitor arm motion.
  
• movie S5 (.mov format). Harvesting energy by a large-area cushion-like saTENG tapped by an acrylic plate.
  
• movie S6 (.mov format). Harvesting energy by a large-area cushion-like saTENG touched by human skin.
  
• movie S7 (.mov format). Harvesting mechanical energy based on household plumbing, using flowing water as the electrode.
  
• movie S8 (.mov format). Harvesting energy from arm swing by a saTENG working in the single-electrode sliding mode.
  
• movie S9 (.mov format). Harvesting energy from arm motion by an attached-electrode-mode saTENG.
  
• movie S10 (.mov format). Harvesting energy from moving a mouse by a freestanding-mode saTENG.
  
• movie S11 (.mov format). Harvesting energy from human walking by a freestanding-mode saTENG.