PT  - JOURNAL ARTICLE
AU  - Patel, Raj B.
AU  - Rudolph, Terry
AU  - Pryde, Geoff J.
TI  - An experimental quantum Bernoulli factory
AID  - 10.1126/sciadv.aau6668
DP  - 2019 Jan 01
TA  - Science Advances
PG  - eaau6668
VI  - 5
IP  - 1
4099  - http://advances.sciencemag.org/content/5/1/eaau6668.short
4100  - http://advances.sciencemag.org/content/5/1/eaau6668.full
SO  - Sci Adv2019 Jan 01; 5
AB  - There has been a concerted effort to identify problems computable with quantum technology, which are intractable with classical technology or require far fewer resources to compute. Recently, randomness processing in a Bernoulli factory has been identified as one such task. Here, we report two quantum photonic implementations of a Bernoulli factory, one using quantum coherence and single-qubit measurements and the other one using quantum coherence and entangling measurements of two qubits. We show that the former consumes three orders of magnitude fewer resources than the best-known classical method, while entanglement offers a further fivefold reduction. These concepts may provide a means for quantum-enhanced performance in the simulation of stochastic processes and sampling tasks.