PT - JOURNAL ARTICLE AU - Patel, Raj B. AU - Rudolph, Terry AU - Pryde, Geoff J. TI - An experimental quantum Bernoulli factory AID - 10.1126/sciadv.aau6668 DP - 2019 Jan 01 TA - Science Advances PG - eaau6668 VI - 5 IP - 1 4099 - http://advances.sciencemag.org/content/5/1/eaau6668.short 4100 - http://advances.sciencemag.org/content/5/1/eaau6668.full SO - Sci Adv2019 Jan 01; 5 AB - There has been a concerted effort to identify problems computable with quantum technology, which are intractable with classical technology or require far fewer resources to compute. Recently, randomness processing in a Bernoulli factory has been identified as one such task. Here, we report two quantum photonic implementations of a Bernoulli factory, one using quantum coherence and single-qubit measurements and the other one using quantum coherence and entangling measurements of two qubits. We show that the former consumes three orders of magnitude fewer resources than the best-known classical method, while entanglement offers a further fivefold reduction. These concepts may provide a means for quantum-enhanced performance in the simulation of stochastic processes and sampling tasks.