RT Journal Article SR Electronic T1 Ultraprecise single-molecule localization microscopy enables in situ distance measurements in intact cells JF Science Advances JO Sci Adv FD American Association for the Advancement of Science SP eaay8271 DO 10.1126/sciadv.aay8271 VO 6 IS 16 A1 Coelho, Simao A1 Baek, Jongho A1 Graus, Matthew S. A1 Halstead, James M. A1 Nicovich, Philip R. A1 Feher, Kristen A1 Gandhi, Hetvi A1 Gooding, J. Justin A1 Gaus, Katharina YR 2020 UL http://advances.sciencemag.org/content/6/16/eaay8271.abstract AB Single-molecule localization microscopy (SMLM) has the potential to quantify the diversity in spatial arrangements of molecules in intact cells. However, this requires that the single-molecule emitters are localized with ultrahigh precision irrespective of the sample format and the length of the data acquisition. We advance SMLM to enable direct distance measurements between molecules in intact cells on the scale between 1 and 20 nm. Our actively stabilized microscope combines three-dimensional real-time drift corrections and achieves a stabilization of <1 nm and localization precision of ~1 nm. To demonstrate the biological applicability of the new microscope, we show a 4- to 7-nm difference in spatial separations between signaling T cell receptors and phosphatases (CD45) in active and resting T cells. In summary, by overcoming the major bottlenecks in SMLM imaging, it is possible to generate molecular images with nanometer accuracy and conduct distance measurements on the biological relevant length scales.