RT Journal Article SR Electronic T1 Genetic switch in UV response of mimicry-related pale-yellow colors in Batesian mimic butterfly, Papilio polytes JF Science Advances JO Sci Adv FD American Association for the Advancement of Science SP eabd6475 DO 10.1126/sciadv.abd6475 VO 7 IS 2 A1 Yoda, Shinichi A1 Sakakura, Kousuke A1 Kitamura, Tasuku A1 KonDo, Yûsuke A1 Sato, Kazuki A1 Ohnuki, Ryosuke A1 Someya, Itsuki A1 Komata, Shinya A1 Kojima, Tetsuya A1 Yoshioka, Shinya A1 Fujiwara, Haruhiko YR 2021 UL http://advances.sciencemag.org/content/7/2/eabd6475.abstract AB In a Batesian mimic butterfly Papilio polytes, mimetic females resemble an unpalatable model, Pachliopta aristolochiae, but exhibit a different color pattern from nonmimetic females and males. In particular, the pale-yellow region on hind wings, which correspondingly sends important putative signals for mimicry and mate preference, is different in shape and chemical features between nonmimetic and mimetic morphs. Recently, we found that mimetic-type doublesex [dsx (H)] causes mimetic traits; however, the control of dimorphic pale-yellow colors remains unclear. Here, we revealed that dsx (H) switched the pale-yellow colors from UV-excited fluorescent type (nonmimetic) to UV-reflecting type (mimetic), by repressing the papiliochrome II synthesis genes and nanostructural changes in wing scales. Photoreceptor reactivities showed that some birds and butterflies could effectively recognize mimetic and nonmimetic pale-yellow colors, suggesting that a genetic switch in the UV response of pale-yellow colors may play essential roles in establishing the dimorphic female-limited Batesian mimicry.