Regression coefficients with robust SEs in parentheses. Outcome is measured as 100 for employed and 0 for not employed so that effects are in percentage points. All regressions include fixed effects for gender, age, quarter of residency, religion, ethnicity, and canton. Models 1, 3, 4, 6, 7, 9, and 10 also include fixed effects for origin and week of entry. Models 2, 5, 8, and 11 also include fixed effects for each origin × week of entry combination. Models 1 and 2 refer to all refugees. Models 3 to 5, 6 to 8, and 9 to 11 are restricted to refugees for which 1, 2, or 3 years are observed before the asylum decision, respectively.
| Model | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 |
| Outcome | Employed (t) | ||||||||||
| Sample mean | 21.17 | 24.38 | 28.35 | 31.71 | |||||||
| Wait time (years) | −4.87 (1.18) | −3.43 (1.46) | −4.64 (1.27) | −4.79 (1.13) | −3.63 (1.47) | −5.86 (1.73) | −6.14 (1.51) | −5.04 (1.96) | −9.48 (2.48) | −9.84 (2.15) | −7.12 (3.16) |
| Employed (t − 1) | 48.27 (1.33) | 48.72 (1.54) | 45.86 (1.54) | 47.39 (1.87) | 44.57 (1.95) | 45.30 (2.54) | |||||
| Employed (t − 2) | 11.49 (1.80) | 6.81 (2.15) | 12.60 (2.23) | 8.61 (2.75) | |||||||
| Employed (t − 3) | 2.80 (2.53) | 2.24 (3.33) | |||||||||
| n | 17,360 | 13,877 | 9108 | 5437 | |||||||
| Employed Δ (%) | −23.01 (5.55) | −16.21 (6.89) | −19.04 (5.19) | −19.67 (4.63) | −14.90 (6.04) | −20.65 (6.10) | −21.65 (5.32) | −17.78 (6.91) | −29.90 (7.83) | −31.04 (6.79) | −22.46 (9.95) |
| Additional fixed effects | |||||||||||
| Origin (# 96) | x | x | x | x | x | x | x | ||||
| Week of entry (# 572) | x | x | x | x | x | x | x | ||||
| Origin × week of entry (# 5054) | x | x | x | x | |||||||