Strontium values that indicate provenance outside of the region. Full list of mtDNA and NRY haplotypes is given in tables S8 and S9. Complete summary of contamination estimates for mitochondrial and X chromosome on 1240K capture and SE is given in tables S6 and S7. Genetic sex estimates are based on shotgun and 1240K capture. Individuals highlighted in red and green are from two multiple burials, graves 3 and 12 (Fig. 1).
Individual | Archeological context | Age at death estimate (years) | Genetic sex | MtDNA/NRY haplotype | Median mtDNA/X (SE) contamination | Strontium 87Sr/86Sr |
1 | — | 40–50 | Male | K1a/R1b1a2a1a1c2b2b1a1 | 0.03/0.002 (0.003) | 0.7089 |
2 | — | 9–11 | Male? *† | K1a1b2a1a/- | 0.15/— | 0.7093 |
3a | Byzantine | 20–30 | Male | K1a/R1b1a2a1a1c2b2b1a1 | 0.02/0.0145 (0.007) | 0.709 |
3b | — | 50–60 | Male | I5a1b/G2a2b1 | 0.03/0.0009 (0.0024) | 0.7104† |
3c | — | 20–30 | Male | T2/R1b1a2 | 0.03/0.0404 (0.0203) | 0.7089 |
4 | — | 2 | Male | X2b4/- | 0.03/— | 0.7094 |
5 | — | 0.5–2 | Male?*† | K1a1b2a1a/- | 0.04/— | 0.7096 |
6 | Lombardian | 14–17 | Male | H65a/R1b1a2a1a1c2b2b | 0.02/−0.0007 (0.00117) | 0.7093 |
9 | Franconian | 40–50 | Male | X2b4/R1b1a2a1a1c2b2b1a1 | 0.04/−0.0047 (0.00466) | 0.7089 |
10 | — | 20–25 | Male* | H1b/R1 | 0.06/— | 0.7105† |
12a | — | 25–35 | Male* | H10e1/R1b1 | 0.09/— | 0.7087 |
12b | Byzantine | 30–40 | Male | X2b4/R1b1a2a1a1c2b2b1a1 | 0.03/0.0128 (0.0136) | 0.709 |
12c | — | 20–30 | Male | U5a1a1/R1b1a2a1a1c2b2b1a1 | 0.03/0.0010 (0.0078) | 0.7093 |
*Statistically insignificant sex estimate but consistent with maleness (table S10 and fig. S4).
†After PMD filtering, individuals 2 and 5 had insufficient reads for accurate sex estimation (table S13).